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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS);faqs.231 To win a retriever Amateur Field Championship: The dog must win a National Championship stake handled by an amateur, win a National Amateur Championship stake, or a total of 10 points in Open All-Age, Limited All-Age, or Special All-Age Stakes (amateur handled). Or they can win 15 points in any All-Age stake (amateur handled). Again, dogs get 5 points for first place, 3 points for second place, 1 point for third place, and .5 point for fourth place. Again, at least five of the points must come from a trial open to all retrievers (not a specialty trial) and the dog has to win a first place. E. Tracking. For tracking tests in general, the tracking leash shall be between 20 and 40 feet in length, and shall be visibly marked at a point 20 feet from the dog; the handler shall follow the dog at no less than 20 feet. Guiding (behavior by the handler which influences or determines the dog's direction) isi prohibited. Handlers may give verbal commands and encouragement to the dog. However, commands, signals or body motions to indicate the specific location or track direction is prohibited. Motivational items (food, balls, toys, etc) are not to be used or carried within 75 yards of a track. 1. TD: Tracking Dog To enter a TD test, dogs must be at least 6 months old and be certified. Certification (which is obtained by the dog passing a regulation track for an AKC Tracking judge) must take place within a year of the test date. Each individual track is 440 to 500 yards long, and is aged from 30 minutes to 2 hours. It is rare for tracks to be aged more than 1 hour. Three to five turns shall be used, at least 2 of which shall be 90 degree turns. Each leg shall be at least 50 yards in length, and the first turn must be more than 30 yards from the second of two starting flags (which are themselves 30 yards apart). 2. TDX: Tracking Dog Excellent. The purpose of the TDX test is to "show that the dog unquestionably that the dog has the ability to discriminate scent and possesses the stamina, perserverance, and courage to do so under a wide variety of conditions. ... It [the track] can lead anywhere a person might go." A TDX test track is 800 to 1000 yards long, and three to five hours old. It has five to seven turns, and the first turn is open. The start consists of one flag (you and your dog get to figure out which way it goes). There are at least two obstacles (roads, streams, fences, changes in terrain, changes in vegetation, etc.), and there are two pairs of cross tracks that are approximately 1 1/2 hours fresher than the primary track. There are also four articles, all of which must be found -- one at the start, two along the way, and one at the end. E. Herding. My thanks to Lily Mummert for the information in this section. In general, for herding tests: * Dogs have to be 9 months old to compete in AKC herding events. * A dog is not required to have an HT before competing in Pre-Trial, or to have either test title before competing in trial classes. Testing is recommended, however. * Not all herding events are listed in the Gazette currently, but an updated list is sent out with each issue of the Herdsman (the AKC herding newsletter). The reason the info isn't in the Gazette is because of its long lead time. The AKC is trying to modify the publication schedule of the events calendar so they can get herding event info in there in a more timely fashion. 1. Titles HT: Herding Tested PT: Pre-trial Tested HS: Herding Started HI: Herding Intermediate HX: Herding Excellent HCH: Herding Trial Champion Test classes: herding and pre-trial. These are pass/fail. If your dog passes two herding tests under two different judges, it earns the HT (Herding Tested) title. Similarly, the dog earns the PT (Pre-Trial Tested) for passing two pre-trial tests under two different judges. For both classes, you get 10 minutes to negotiate the course. Herding test elements: - a sit or down stay at the start, - controlled movement of the stock between two pylons, located at opposite ends of the ring. Includes two changes in direction. - stop and recall at the end Pre-trial test elements: - a stay at the start - controlled movement of stock, including a change of direction and passage through four gates - a stop at some point on the course - a stop before penning the stock - penning the stock Trial classes: herding started, intermediate, and advanced. The titles associated with each of these levels are HS (Herding Started), HI (Herding Intermediate), and HX (Herding Excellent). For each of these titles, the dog must earn three qualifying scores in the appropriate class under three different judges. There's also the HCH (Herding Champion), which is a competition title -- the dog must have an HX, and then earn 15 championship points in the Advanced class. There are three courses that may be offered for each class. The premium list for a trial specifies which course(s) will be offered. Course A is in an arena. Course B is a modified ISDS course; it's in a field. Course C is a modified version of what is used in Europe; it includes negotiating roads and such. According to my instructors, Course A is the most widely used of the three, so I'll describe that one. You get 10 minutes on this course, regardless of class. For herding started, the dog lifts the stock at the top of the course, and moves them through four obstacles around the course in a predetermined order. The obstacles are chutes or gates of various kinds. The dog then pens the stock. For the intermediate class, there's an outrun, lift, and fetch, with the handler staying at a handler's post until the dog has passed the post (after the outrun, lift and fetch). One of the obstacles is a holding pen -- the dog has to move the stock into the pen and hold them there for about a minute. Then there's the pen at the end. Advanced has the same elements as intermediate, except the course is longer, and the handler's movement is more restricted. The other courses also get vastly complicated as you go from started to advanced. 1. References SHEEP! Magazine Rt. 1 Helenville WI 53137 The Working Border Collie, Inc. (bimonthly magazine) 14933 Kirkwood Road Sidney, Ohio 45365 (513) 492-2215 The Ranch Dog Trainer (magazine) Rt. 1, Box 21 Koshkonong MO 56592 Holmes, John. _The Farmer's Dog_. Order from SHEEP! Jones, H. Glyn. _A Way of Life_. Order from SHEEP! H. Glyn Jones talks to Barbara C. Collins. Karrasch, Dick. _Training a Stockdog: For Beginners_. Wondereye Farm, Rt. 1, Box 42, Vandiver AL 35176. O'Reilly, Chuck. _Training Working Livestock Dogs_. Rt. 4, Box 33B, Red Wind MN 55066. Robertson, Pope. _Anybody Can Do It_. Rovar Publ. Co., 522 East 2nd St., Elgin TX 78621. Templeton, John and Matt Mundell. _Working Sheep Dogs_. Order from SHEEP! There are many videos listed in the back of the magazines. There is also a wide variety of breed specific books relative to the breed of dog you are interested in. Please write to the appropriate parent club for details. In addition, both the American Herding Breeds Association and the Australian Shepherd Club of America offer herding trials and their own titles. There is an electronic mailing list devoted to herding issues. Contact Terri Hardwick at herders-request@mcnc.org for information on how to join the list. F. Championships. 1. Dual or Triple Championships Currently three titles awarded by the AKC go into making up the DCH and TCH titles. These are: CH - Champion of Record. OTCH - Obedience Trial Champion. FCH - Field Trial Champion. These three titles can be combined in the following manner: DCH - One of the following combinations: CH + OTCH, CH + FCH, OTCH + FCH TCH - CH + OTCH + FCH Any dog who is a DCH or especially a TCH is an outstanding representation of the breed. If the DCH is one half Champion of Record this is a dog that most breeders would give their eye teeth to breed to. NB: HCH is a very new title, so the AKC rule books have not yet come out detailing the possibly new combinations for dual and triple (and quadruple!) championships. 2. Title notation Certain titles go before the dog's registered name, others go after. Championship titles go before the name; non-championship titles go after the name. There are also orderings within the champion and non-champion titles. If a dog also has a Amateur Field Championship that title is placed in front of its name, in addition to the other titles (e.g., CH), but behind them if they exist. At an AKC event, a dog may be listed only with its AKC-recognized titles. Therefore, it may not have all of its titles listed in the catalogue for the show. Outside of AKC sponsorship, all of the titles that a dog has earned may be listed. G. Other AKC Titles. 1. AKC Canine Good Citizen Test (from the AKC pamphlet) "The purpose of the Canine Good Citizen Test is to demonstrate that the dog , as a companion of man, can be a respected member of the community, and can be trained and conditioned always to behave in the home, in public places, and in the presence of other dogs, in a manner that will reflect credit on the dog. The Canine Good Citizen Test is not a competitive program, but rather a program of certification; it seeks to identify and recognize officially those dogs that possess the attributes that enable them to serve effectively as personal companions and as members in good standing with the community." * Evaluated on appearance and willingness to be groomed and examined, reaction to approach of a stranger. * Evaluated on acceptance of a stranger in a natural everyday situation: owner and judge shake hands, talk. Dog must not show signs of resentment or shyness and must remain in sit. * Must demonstrate that dog is under control in walking. Heeling is not required, but dog must not lag or forge. * Demonstrate walking through a crowd. Dog may show some interest in the people, but remain calmly with owner. * Must demonstrate that the dog will allow a stranger to approach and pet it. Dog must remain sitting. * Demonstrates sit and down on command by owner. * Demonstrates stay. Owner walks 20 feet away then returns. Must maintain position until released. * Demonstrate good behavior around another dog. Should show no more than casual interest. * Reaction to distractions: sudden noises, animated talking and backslapping, a jogger, shopping cart, or bicycle passing closely by. Dog may show interest, curiousity, momentary startle but no panic, aggression, nor barking. * Demonstrate being left alone: fastened to a fifteen foot line and owner is out of sight for 5 minutes. No whining, barking, or howling. H. AKC Breed Clubs. There are a number of breed clubs, affiliated with AKC that focus on particular breeds. Besides promoting their breed, they also sponsor specialties for their breed (facilitating major-point shows, for example). Many breed clubs require sponsors to become a member. They want you to learn from other breeders. If you go to a show and become friends with a breeder and talk to some others, you will get sponsors quickly. Breeders like to be a mentor to a new member. If you hang around long enough and really start asking a lot of questions on the spot (preferably when they are not nervous about being next in the ring) you'll become quickly accepted. Find a breeder you want to get your next puppy from and talk with them a lot. A sponsor is another breeder that has talked to you and told you about the ethics and looked at you to make sure you are not likely to become a puppy mill breeder. They are looking at you to make sure you are trying to improve the breed and you are going to be responsible about breeding and showing. Most if not all breed clubs have a code of ethics that members must adhere to. Many AKC breed clubs have their own certificates and titles. For example, the Labrador Retriever Club has the WC (Working Certificate) title that is very similar to the AKC JH title. There are other breed clubs that are NOT affiliated with the AKC, for various reasons. Examples include the Australian Shepherd Club of America. ---------------- This file is Copyright (c) 1992 by Cindy Tittle Moore. It may be freely distributed in its entirety provided that this copyright notice is not removed. It may not be sold for profit nor incorporated in commercial documents without the author's written permission. Cindy Tittle Moore Internet: tittle@ics.uci.edu UUCP: ...!ucbvax!ucivax!tittle Bitnet : cltittle@uci USmail: PO BOX 4188, Irvine CA 92716 ---------------- Xref: bloom-picayune.mit.edu rec.pets.dogs:23722 news.answers:4432 Path: bloom-picayune.mit.edu!enterpoop.mit.edu!senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!usenet From: tittle@ics.uci.edu (Cindy Tittle Moore) Newsgroups: rec.pets.dogs,news.answers Subject: rec.pets.dogs: Bloodhounds FAQ Supersedes: <dogs-faq/bloodhounds_706251613@athena.mit.edu> Followup-To: poster Date: 5 Dec 1992 06:02:31 GMT Organization: University of California at Irvine: ICS Dept. Lines: 244 Sender: tittle Approved: news-answers-request@mit.edu Expires: 7 Jul 1993 06:02:10 GMT Message-ID: <dogs-faq/bloodhounds_723535330@athena.mit.edu> Reply-To: tittle@ics.uci.edu NNTP-Posting-Host: pit-manager.mit.edu X-Last-Updated: 1992/06/18 Archive-name: dogs-faq/bloodhounds This is the breed-specific FAQ for Bloodhounds. It is not posted on a regular basis, but may be obtained via anonymous ftp at pit-manager.mit.edu under /pub/usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/bloodhounds. Or, send email to mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu with send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/bloodhounds in the subject line, leaving the body empty. AUTHOR Cindy Tittle Moore, 24 March 1992. DESCRIPTION Bloodhounds are the largest and most powerful of the hound family. They weigh up to 110lbs/50kg and stand as much as 27in/69cm at the shoulders. They have a very expressively wrinkled face with pronounced flews and dewlaps (lips and throat), giving them a most solemn expression. The coat is thin, hard and short. Colors are black and tan, tawny, or red and tan ("liver" is sometimes used instead of "tan"). The eyes are neither sunken nor prominent, although the excess skin may pull the lower eyelids down. The ears hang low and are long and soft. They are a relatively rare breed; you will only see a few, if any, at most dog shows. AKC Official Bloodhound Standard (partial): General Character: The Bloodhound possesses, in a most marked degree, every point and characteristic of those dogs which hunt together by scent (Sagaces). He is very powerful and stands over more ground than is usual with hounds of other breeds [that is, he should not be short-coupled]. The skin is thin to the touch and extremely loose; this being more especially about the head and neck, where it hangs in deep folds. Height: The mean average height of adult dogs is twenty-six inches, and adult bitches twenty-four inches. Dogs usually vary from 25 inches to 27 inches and bitches from 23 to 25 inches; but in either case the greater height [up to the limit stated] is to be preferred, provided that character and quality are also combined. Weight: The mean average weight of adult dogs, in fair condition, is 90 lbs and of adult bitches 80 lbs. Dogs attain the weight of 110 lbx, bitches 100 lbs. The greater weights are to be preferred, provided (as in the case of height) that quality and proportion are also combined. ... Temperament: In temperament he is extremely affectionate, neither quarrelsome with companions nor with other dogs. His nature is somewhat shy, and equally sensitive to kindness or correction by his master. Head: The head is narrow in proportion to its length, and long in proportion to the body, tapering but slightly from the temples to the end of the muzzle, thus (when viewed from above and in front) having the appearance of being flattened at the sides and of being nearly equal in width throughout its entire length. In profile the upper outline of the skull is nearly in the same plane as that of the foreface. The length from end of nose to stop (midway between the eyes) should be not less than that from stop to back of occipital protuberance (peak). The entire length of head from the posterior part of the occipital protuberance to the end of the muzzle should be twelve inches or more in dogs, eleven inches or more in bitches. Skull: The skull is long and narrow, with the occipital peak very pronounced. The brows are not prominent, although, owing to the deep-set eyes, they may have that appearance. Foreface: The foreface is long, deep, and of even width throughout, with square outline when seen in profile. ... [description of sound body and colorings deleted] RECOGNIZED American Kennel Club Australian National Kennel Club Federation Cynologique Internationale, Canadian Kennel Club Kennel Club of Great Britain United Kennel Club HISTORY Bloodhounds are an ancient breed, and its origins are unclear. However, in the 7th century, St. Hubert (patron saint of the hunter) and his monks had an extensive hand in developing the breed. Bloodhounds today are still registered with FCI as _chiens du St. Hubert_. The name "bloodhound" is derived from the term "blooded hound," meaning a hound of pure breeding. Bloodhounds are extensively associated with royalty: William the Conquerer arrived in England with several bloodhounds. Bloodhounds were often given as gifts among royalty and nobility. For almost seven hundred years, the St. Hubert Monastery sent a pair of black and tan Bloodhounds to the King of France each year. These hounds and the white Talbot hounds are considered the ancestors of modern-day Bloodhounds. The former died out by the French Revolution after their popularity plummeted when Charles IX favored the white hounds. Modern Bloodhounds are descended from the hounds that William the Conqueror brought to Britain. It was not until about the 16th century that the bloodhound was used to track man. They were regarded as large game hunters before then: deer, etc. Their testimony was so highly regarded that they had the legal right to follow a trail anywhere, including into homes. As need grew for smaller, faster hound dogs, the Bloodhound was crossed with a variety of breeds to produce Harriers, Beagles and others, all of which owe their nose to the Bloodhounds. The use of bloodhounds declined due to increasing population and decreasing game area until there were very few left. The introduction of dog shows in 1859 revitalized the breed. More companionable animals, suitable for showing, resulted. In 1898, Bloodhound breeders began to promote manhunting trials as sport. The only animals available for this were those who had been bred for show and companion for many years; yet their noses were as keen as ever. Foxhounds have been crossbred into Bloodhounds several times, especially after WWII, when the stock was severely depleted in Britain. This ancestry sometimes shows up as white markings on Bloodhounds although the markings may also be throwbacks to the white Talbot hounds. Such markings do not disqualify from show so long as they are confined to the chest, toes, and base of tail. Contrary to popular wisdom, Bloodhounds were not actually used to trail runaway slaves in the US. Those dogs were usually mongrel crosses and of vicious temperament, which the Bloodhound does not posess. _Uncle Tom's Cabin_, the book and the movie, in particular gives an exceedingly inaccurate depiction of Bloodhounds. Mantrailing has enjoyed a steady, athough by no means explosive, increase in modern day law enforcement and search and rescue. Trails performed by Bloodhounds are permissible evidence in court. CHARACTERISTICS AND TEMPERAMENT Bloodhounds are not for everyone. Due to generous flews, they can fling saliva 20 feet with one shake of their head. Their enormous size, food requirements, vet bills and inherently short lifespan make them dubious companions for the average dog-lover. As a puppy, the Bloodhound will grow four to seven pounds and one-half to one inch in height *per week*. As is common with large dogs, they live from 8 to 10 years. Bloodhounds are friendly, often very good with children. When they find someone at the end of the trail, they are likely to lunge at them -- to plant wet slobbery kisses (their specialty) all over them. Criminals often turn themselves in on the spot rather than face Bloodhounds, whether to escape the kisses or in the mistaken belief of their ferocity is sometimes hard to tell! Bloodhounds are very determined. They are aggressive in the sense that they will want to finish trails, and that they can be hard to call off once on a track. They can be difficult to train off-leash for this reason. The pendulous skin over their ears and eyes will fall down over their eyes when they lower their head to trail, effectively blinding them. Because of this and their determination, Bloodhounds are usually run on leash for their own safety. Bloodhounds can make an amazing variety of sounds. They can bay expressively, howl and whine, all in melodious tones. The neighbors may not appreciate this, however. SPECIAL MEDICAL PROBLEMS As with any large dog, Bloodhounds are prone to hip dysplasia. They have short lives, as is also common with large breeds. Gastric bloat, or torsion, can be a problem for some Bloodhounds. REFERENCES 1. Books Appleton. _The First Bloodhound Handbook_. 1960. $35. ** Brey and Reed. _The Complete Bloodhound_. 1987. $19.95. ** Brey, Catharine F. and Lena F. Reed. _The New Complete Bloodhound_. Howell Book House, New York (Maxwell Maxmillian, Toronto). 1991. ISBN: 0-87605-077-1 (hardback). New revised version of the classic _The Complete Bloodhound_. A definitive recounting of bloodhounds: history, exploits, training, and breeding. A must in the library of anyone interested in the breed or in search and rescue in general. Brough. _The Bloodhound and its Use in Tracking Criminals_. Caras, Roger. _Yankee: The Inside Story of a Champion Bloodhound_. ** G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York. 1979. $15.95. Owen. _How to Raise and Train a Bloodhound_. 1964. (paper) $3.95. ** Owen. _Bloodhounds_. 1990. Tolhurst, William D. with Lena F. Reed. _Manhunters! Hounds of the Big T_. Hound Dog Press, 10705 Woodland Avenue, Puyallup, WA 98373. 1984. ISBN: 0-9617723-0-1 (hardback). Tolhurst is a Search and Rescue volunteer in upstate New York. This book recounts his experiences using bloodhounds in trailing. Many fascinating stories. Tolhurst includes a section on training a dog to locate dead bodies. Whitney. _Bloodhounds and How to Train Them_. 1947. $120. ** ** Out of print, but stocked by 4-M Enterprises, Inc., 1280 Pacific Street, Union City, CA 94587 (catalogue). 2. Breed Rescue Organizations Bloodhounds West * Breed Rescue 20372 Laguna Canyon Road Laguna Beach, CA 92651 (714) 494-9506 3. Breeders Disclaimer: These breeders have been recommended in good faith by readers of rec.pets.dogs. However, you are still responsible for verifying that a particular breeder meets your needs to your satisfaction. Bojangles Bloodhounds Bob and Jane Mangles 14 Manfre Road Watsonville, CA 95076 408-728-2717 4. Breed Clubs American Bloodhound Club Ed Kilby, Corresponding Secretary 1914 Berry Lane, Daytona Beach, FLA 32014 American Bloodhound Club Bulletin Mary Michener P.O. Box 974 Ellensburg, WA 98926 Xref: bloom-picayune.mit.edu rec.pets.dogs:23721 news.answers:4431 Path: bloom-picayune.mit.edu!enterpoop.mit.edu!senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!usenet From: tittle@ics.uci.edu (Cindy Tittle Moore) Newsgroups: rec.pets.dogs,news.answers Subject: rec.pets.dogs: Collies FAQ Supersedes: <dogs-faq/collies_706251613@athena.mit.edu> Followup-To: poster Date: 5 Dec 1992 06:02:22 GMT Organization: University of California at Irvine: ICS Dept. Lines: 362 Sender: tittle Approved: news-answers-request@mit.edu Expires: 7 Jul 1993 06:02:10 GMT Message-ID: <dogs-faq/collies_723535330@athena.mit.edu> Reply-To: tittle@ics.uci.edu NNTP-Posting-Host: pit-manager.mit.edu X-Last-Updated: 1992/05/19 Archive-name: dogs-faq/collies This is the breed-specific FAQ for Collies. It is not posted on a regular basis, but may be obtained via anonymous ftp at pit-manager.mit.edu under /pub/usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/collies. Or, send email to mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu with send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/collies in the subject line, leaving the body empty. AUTHOR Marla Belzowski, 30 March 1992. DESCRIPTION (exerpts from the Collie Club of America Standard.) General Character -- The collie is a lithe, strong, responsive, active dogs, carrying no useless timber, standing naturally straight and firm. The deep, moderately wide chest shows strength, the sloping shoulders and well-bend hocks indicate speed and grace, and the face shows high intelligence. The collies presents an impressive, proud picture of true balance. In general, no part of a collies seems out of proportion to any other part. The head properties are of great importance. When looking at a collie the size of the dog's head is inclined to lightness and should never appear massive. Both in front and profile view the head bears a general resemblance to a well-blunted lean wedge, being smooth and clean in outline and nicely balanced in proportion. On the sides it tapers gradually and smoothly from the ears to the end of the black nose, without being flared out in backskull ("cheeky") or pinched in muzzle ("snipy"). In profile view the top of the backskull and top of the muzzle lie in two approximately parallel straight planes of equal length, divided by a very slight but perceptable stop or break. A mid-point between the inside corners of the eyes (which is the center of a correctly placed stop) is the center of balance in length of head. The end of the smooth, well-rounded muzzle is blunt but not square. The underjaw is strong, clean-cut and the depth of skull from the brow to the under part of the jaw is not excessive. The teeth are of good size, meeting in a sissors bite. Overshot or undershot jaws are undesirable, and penalized. There is a very slight prominence of the eyebrows. The backskull is flat, without receding either laterally or backwards and the occipital bone is not highly peaked. Because of the importance of the head characteristics, prominent head faults are very severly penalized. Eyes should be almond-shaped, of medium size and should never appear to be large or prominent. The color is dark and the eye doesn't show a yellow ring or have a sufficiently prominent haw to affect the dog's expression. In blue-merles, dark eyes are preferable but either or both eyes may be merle or china in color without specific penalty. The eyes should give a "sweet" expression. Eye faults are heavily penalized. Ears are in proportion to the size of the head and, if they are carried properly and unquestionably "break" naturally, are seldom too small. When in repose the ears are folded lengthwise and thrown back into the frill. On the alert they are drawn well up on the backskull and are carried about three-quarters erect, with about one-fourth of the ear tipping or "breaking" forwards. A dog with pricked ears or low ears cannot show true expression and is penalized accordingly. Neck is firm, clean, muscular, sinewy and heavily frilled. It is fairly long, carried upright with a slight arch at the nape and imparts a proud, upstanding appearance showing off the frill. Body is firm, hard and muscular, a trifle long in proportion to the height. The ribs are well-rounded behind the well-sloped shoulders and the chest is deep extending to the elbows. The back is strong and level, supported by powerful hips and thighs and the croup is sloped to give a well-rounded finish. The loin is powerful and slightly arched. Legs are strong and muscular with a fair amount of bone. Narrow and wide placement is penalized. A cowhocked or straight stifle is penalized. The feet are small and oval shaped.